1.1. 1 Historical Perspectives: Paving the Way for the Future
Book
Editors: Faber, K.; Fessner, W.-D.; Turner, N. J.
Title: Biocatalysis in Organic Synthesis 1
Print ISBN: 9783131741318; Online ISBN: 9783131975218; Book DOI: 10.1055/b-003-125815
1st edition © 2015. Thieme. All rights reserved.
Georg Thieme Verlag KG, Stuttgart
Subjects: Organic Chemistry
Science of Synthesis Reference Libraries
Parent publication
Title: Science of Synthesis
DOI: 10.1055/b-00000101
Type: Multivolume Edition
Abstract
This chapter describes the evolution of modern biocatalysis, focusing on the application of both whole-cell biocatalysts and isolated enzymes in organic synthesis. Milestones in this process are the application to β-lactam and amino acid chemistry, the preparation of chiral synthons as single enantiomers for the synthesis of pharmaceutical intermediates, the modification of carbohydrates and the synthesis of value-added products from lipids. The application of hydrolytic enzymes (lipases, proteases, esterases, and nitrile hydratases) has evolved in time toward more complex enzymatic systems such as oxidoreductases involving cofactor recycling or aminotransferases (transaminases) leading to the formation of chiral amines. The recently developed techniques of molecular biology and directed evolution toward the preparation of better enzymatic catalysts are dramatically improving the availability and efficiency of the enzymes and thus significantly increasing the role of biocatalysis in organic synthesis.
Key words
chiral synthons - whole-cell biocatalysis - hydrolytic enzymes - oxidoreductases - cofactor recycling - directed evolution - cascade biocatalysis-
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