Comparison of the biocompatibility of calcium silicate-based materials to mineral trioxide aggregate: Systematic review

ABSTRACT

The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the biocompatibility and interaction of bioceramic materials with animal and human mesenchymal cells in vitro and in vivo and to compare them with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). Two independent researchers conducted PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, and Scopus searches to identify studies published in English, without restrictions on year of publication using the following keywords: “root canal sealer,” “root repair material,” “cytotoxicity,” and “bioceramics.” The articles were selected following the PRISMA statement. A total of 1486 titles were identified in the initial search. However, only 18 studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results showed that bioceramic materials have biological properties similar to those of MTA, including low cytotoxicity as well as promoting cell proliferation and adhesion, low expression of inflammatory cytokines, and reduced pulp inflammation. This systematic review therefore suggests that the choice of repair bioceramic materials or MTA based on biocompatibility should be the professional's decision.

Key words:

Bioceramics - cytotoxicity - root canal sealer - root repair material

• REFERENCES

• 1 Bernáth M, Szabó J. Tissue reaction initiated by different sealers. Int Endod J 2003; 36: 256-61
• 2 Chen I, Salhab I, Setzer FC, Kim S, Nah HD. A new calcium silicate-based bioceramic material promotes human osteo- and odontogenic stem cell proliferation and survival via the extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling pathway. J Endod 2016; 42: 480-6
• 3 Xu P, Liang J, Dong G, Zheng L, Ye L. Cytotoxicity of RealSeal on human osteoblast-like MG63 cells. J Endod 2010; 36: 40-4
• 4 Desai S, Chandler N. Calcium hydroxide-based root canal sealers: A review. J Endod 2009; 35: 475-80
• 5 Alanezi AZ, Jiang J, Safavi KE, Spangberg LS, Zhu Q. Cytotoxicity evaluation of endosequence root repair material. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2010; 109: e122-5
• 6 Zhang W, Li Z, Peng B. Assessment of a new root canal sealer's apical sealing ability. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2009; 107: e79-82
• 7 Chen CL, Kao CT, Ding SJ, Shie MY, Huang TH. Expression of the inflammatory marker cyclooxygenase-2 in dental pulp cells cultured with mineral trioxide aggregate or calcium silicate cements. J Endod 2010; 36: 465-8
• 8 Hung CJ, Kao CT, Shie MY, Huang TH. Comparison of host inflammatory responses between calcium-silicate base material and intermediate restorative material. J Dent Sci 2014; 9: 158-64
• 9 Zhou HM, Shen Y, Wang ZJ, Li L, Zheng YF, Häkkinen L. et al. In vitro cytotoxicity evaluation of a novel root repair material. J Endod 2013; 39: 478-83
• 10 Coaguila-Llerena H, Vaisberg A, Velásquez-Huamán Z. In vitro cytotoxicity evaluation of three root-end filling materials in human periodontal ligament fibroblasts. Braz Dent J 2016; 27: 187-91
• 11 Willershausen I, Wolf T, Kasaj A, Weyer V, Willershausen B, Marroquin BB. et al. Influence of a bioceramic root end material and mineral trioxide aggregates on fibroblasts and osteoblasts. Arch Oral Biol 2013; 58: 1232-7
• 12 Jiang Y, Zheng Q, Zhou X, Gao Y, Huang D. A comparative study on root canal repair materials: A cytocompatibility assessment in L929 and MG63 cells. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014: 463826
• 13 Ciasca M, Aminoshariae A, Jin G, Montagnese T, Mickel A. A comparison of the cytotoxicity and proinflammatory cytokine production of EndoSequence root repair material and ProRoot mineral trioxide aggregate in human osteoblast cell culture using reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. J Endod 2012; 38: 486-9
• 14 Zhang S, Yang X, Fan M. BioAggregate and iRoot BP plus optimize the proliferation and mineralization ability of human dental pulp cells. Int Endod J 2013; 46: 923-9
• 15 Jovanovic L, Miljevic I, Petrovic B, Markovic D, Kojic V, Bajkin B. Biocompatibility of three root end filling materials. J Biomater Tissue Eng 2014; 4: 1-5
• 16 Ma J, Shen Y, Stojicic S, Haapasalo M. Biocompatibility of two novel root repair materials. J Endod 2011; 37: 793-8
• 17 Corral Nuñez CM, Bosomworth HJ, Field C, Whitworth JM, Valentine RA. Biodentine and mineral trioxide aggregate induce similar cellular responses in a fibroblast cell line. J Endod 2014; 40: 406-11 3
• 18 Khalil WA, Abunasef SK. Can mineral trioxide aggregate and nanoparticulate EndoSequence root repair material produce injurious effects to rat subcutaneous tissues?. J Endod 2015; 41: 1151-6
• 19 Rifaey HS, Villa M, Zhu Q, Wang YH, Safavi K, Chen IP. et al. Comparison of the osteogenic potential of Mineral trioxide aggregate and endosequence Root repair material in a 3-dimensional culture system. J Endod 2016; 42: 760-5
• 20 De-Deus G, Canabarro A, Alves GG, Marins JR, Linhares AB, Granjeiro JM. et al. Cytocompatibility of the ready-to-use bioceramic putty repair cement iRoot BP plus with primary human osteoblasts. Int Endod J 2012; 45: 508-13
• 21 Modareszadeh MR, Di Fiore PM, Tipton DA, Salamat N. Cytotoxicity and alkaline phosphatase activity evaluation of endosequence root repair material. J Endod 2012; 38: 1101-5
• 22 Damas BA, Wheater MA, Bringas JS, Hoen MM. Cytotoxicity comparison of mineral trioxide aggregates and EndoSequence bioceramic root repair materials. J Endod 2011; 37: 372-5
• 23 Samyuktha V, Ravikumar P, Nagesh B, Ranganathan K, Jayaprakash T, Sayesh V. et al. Cytotoxicity evaluation of root repair materials in human-cultured periodontal ligament fibroblasts. J Conserv Dent 2014; 17: 467-70
• 24 Hirschman WR, Wheater MA, Bringas JS, Hoen MM. Cytotoxicity comparison of three current direct pulp-capping agents with a new bioceramic root repair putty. J Endod 2012; 38: 385-8
• 25 Lv F, Zhu L, Zhang J, Yu J, Cheng X, Peng B. et al. Evaluation of the in vitro biocompatibility of a new fast-setting ready-to-use root filling and repair material. Int Endod J 2017; 50: 540-8
• 26 Güven EP, Taşlı PN, Yalvac ME, Sofiev N, Kayahan MB, Sahin F. et al. In vitro comparison of induction capacity and biomineralization ability of mineral trioxide aggregate and a bioceramic root canal sealer. Int Endod J 2013; 46: 1173-82
• 27 Hansen SW, Marshall JG, Sedgley CM. Comparison of intracanal EndoSequence root repair material and ProRoot MTA to induce pH changes in simulated root resorption defects over 4 weeks in matched pairs of human teeth. J Endod 2011; 37: 502-6
• 28 Roach P, Eglin D, Rohde K, Perry CC. Modern biomaterials: A review – Bulk properties and implications of surface modifications. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2007; 18: 1263-77
• 29 Berry CC, Campbell G, Spadiccino A, Robertson M, Curtis AS. The influence of microscale topography on fibroblast attachment and motility. Biomaterials 2004; 25: 5781-8
• 30 Camilleri J, Montesin FE, Papaioannou S, McDonald F, Pitt Ford TR. Biocompatibility of two commercial forms of mineral trioxide aggregate. Int Endod J 2004; 37: 699-704