Download PDF
Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2010; 23(03): 163-167
DOI: 10.3415/VCOT-09-05-0054
Original Research
Schattauer GmbH

Determination of isometric points for placement of a lateral suture in treatment of the cranial cruciate ligament deficient stifle

D. Hulse
1   College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Small Animal Surgery, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas, USA
,
W. Hyman
2   Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas, USA
,
B. Beale
3   Gulf Coast Veterinary Specialists, Houston, Texas, USA
,
B. Saunders
1   College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Small Animal Surgery, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas, USA
,
l. Peycke
1   College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Small Animal Surgery, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas, USA
,
G. Hosgood
4   Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Received:05 May 2009

Accepted:31 January 2009

Publication Date:
18 December 2017 (online)

Also available at
 PDF Download  Permissions and Reprints

Summary

Complete or partial rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) is a common injury of the canine stifle. While numerous techniques have been developed for surgical treatment, extra-articular methods with placement of a lateral suture remain a popular treatment method. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential isometry of the six suture-paired sites two on the femur and three on the tibia. In six femoro-tibial specimens with intact passive joint restraints, femoral sites adjacent to the proximal (F1) and distal (F2) poles of the fabella, and tibial sites adjacent to the patella insertion (T1), immediately cranial to (T2) and caudal to (T3) the long digital extensor tendon, were identified. A suture from one femoral site to one tibial site was placed under 0 or 5 N of preload, and tension was measured at joint angles of 150°, 130°, 90° and 50°. The F2-T3 combination was found to be most isometric. Isometry was reassessed in the same specimens with the suture in the F2-T3 position, and under 5 N, 10 N and 15 N of preload, and after transection of the CCL. The suture pair retained its isometric pattern in the CCL transected specimens. There was no effect of preload on isometry patterns.

Keywords

Cranial cruciate ligament - extra-articular repair - canine
 

  • References

  • 1 Arnoczky SP. Pathomechanics of ligament and meniscal injuries. In: Bojrab MJ. editor Disease Mechanisms in Small Animal Surgery 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger; 1993: 764-770.
    Search in Google Scholar
  • 2 Vasseur PB. Stifle joint. In: Slatter D. editor Textbook of Small Animal Surgery 2nd ed Philadelphia: Saunders; 1993: 1817-1865.
    Search in Google Scholar
  • 3 Arnoczky SP, Marshall JL. The cruciate ligaments of the canine stifle: an anatomical and functional analysis. AM J Vet Res 1977; 38: 1807-1814.
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 4 Vasseur PB. Clinical results following conservative management for rupture of the crainial cruciate ligament in dogs. Vet Surg 1984; 13: 243-246.
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 5 Korvick DL, Pijanowski GJ, Schaeffer DJ. Three dimensional kinematics of the intact and cranial cruciate deficient stifle of dogs. J Biomech 1994; 27: 77-87.
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 6 Brinker WO, Piermattei DL, Flo GL. Diagnosis and treatment of Orthopedic Conditions of the Hind-limb. In: Brinker WO, Piermattei DL, Flo GL. editors Handbook of Small Animal Orthopedics and Fracture Management 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 1990: 341-470.
    Search in Google Scholar
  • 7 Hulse DA. Cruciate ligament rupture. In: Fossum T. editor Small Animal Surgery, 2nd ed. St. Louis: Mosby; 2002: 1110-1143.
    Search in Google Scholar
  • 8 Gambardella PC, Wallace LJ, Cassidy F. Lateral suture technique for management of anterior cruciate ligament rupture in dogs a retrospective study. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1981; 17: 33-38.
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 9 Slocum B, Devine T. Cranial tibial wedge osteotomy: a technique for eliminating tibial thrust in cranial cruciate ligament repair. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1984; 184: 564-568.
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 10 Elkins AD, Pechman K, Herron M. A retrospective study evaluating the degree of degenerative joint disease in the stifle joint of dogs following surgical repair of anterior cruciate ligament rupture. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 1991; 27: 533-540.
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 11 Roe SC. Limitations of cranial cruciate ligament repairs: prosthetic ligament substitutions. In: Proceedings of the American College of Veterinary Surgeons 1996
    Search in Google Scholar
  • 12 Roe SC, Kue J, Gemma J. Isometry of potential suture attachment sites for the cranial cruciate ligament deficient stifle. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2008; 21: 215-220.
    Thieme ConnectPubMedSearch in Google Scholar