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DOI: 10.1055/s-2003-42747
© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York
Extremitätenerhalt durch pedalen In-situ-Bypass beim diabetischen Fußsyndrom
Limb salvage in diabetic foot syndrome with pedal bypass using the in-situ techniquePublication History
Publication Date:
07 October 2003 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung: Die Behandlung des ischämischen diabetischen Fußes stellt unverändert eine medizinische
und ökonomische Herausforderung dar. Entgegen der Zielsetzung der Deklaration von
St. Vincent konnte in Deutschland jedoch bislang keine wesentliche Absenkung der Majoramputationsrate
verzeichnet werden, obwohl der beim diabetischen Patienten gehäuft vorliegende distale
arterielle Verschlusstyp die Anlage eines pedalen Bypass mit Extremitätenerhalt ermöglicht.
Methode: Bei Patienten mit ischämischem diabetischem Fußsyndrom erfolgte nach angiographischer
Diagnostik die Indikationsstellung zur pedalen Bypassanlage zu den noch erhaltenen
Fußgefäßen. Bei geeigneter ipsilateraler Vena saphena magna wurde die In-situ-Technik
bevorzugt. Der Revaskularisation schloss sich die Ulkusbehandlung oder eine notwendige
Minoramputation an. Alle Patienten wurden mittels klinischer Untersuchung und Duplexsonographie
nachuntersucht.
Ergebnisse: Zwischen 01/89 und 12/01 wurden bei 79 Patienten (m = 59, w = 20) mit akraler Gangrän
oder nicht heilendem Ulkus 84 Revaskularisationen an 84 Extremitäten mittels pedalem
In-situ-Bypass (von insgesamt 175 pedalen Rekonstruktionen) durchgeführt. In allen
Fällen lag ein Diabetes mellitus, in 13,9 % zusätzlich eine dialysepflichtige Niereninsuffizienz
vor. Die proximale Bypassanastomose erfolgte in 59,5 % an der A. poplitea, die distale
Bypassanastomose in 83 % an der A. dorsalis pedis und in 17 % an der A. tibialis posterior.
Zwei Patienten (2,4 %) verstarben postoperativ an kardialen Ereignissen. Die Bypassfrü
hverschlussrate betrug 8,4 %, die Majoramputationsrate 6,0 %. 60 Monate postoperativ
fand sich eine primäre, primär assistierte und sekundäre Bypassoffenheitsrate von
67,7, 71,5 und 75,3 % sowie eine Gliedmaßenerhaltungsrate von 78 %.
Schlussfolgerung: Im Gegensatz zur allgemeinen Ansicht einer schlechten Prognose des diabetischen Fußsyndroms
liefert die pedale Revaskularisation mittels In-situ-Bypass eine ausgezeichnete Chance
des Gliedmaßenerhalts.
Abstract
Introduction: Treatment of the ischemic diabetic foot syndrome still represents a medical and economic
challenge. Contrary to the aims of the Saint Vincent declaration a dramatic reduction
of major amputations in Germany was not noted, although in the diabetic patients the
predominant type of tibial artery occlusion allows construction of pedal bypasses
for limb salvage.
Method: In patients with ischemic diabetic foot syndrome following angiographic evaluation
of the ischemic limb, the indication for surgical revascularisation of patent pedal
arteries was established. The in-situ technique was preferred in the presence of a
suitable ipsilateral greater saphenous vein whenever possible. Revascularisation was
followed by treatment of foot ulcerations or, if necessary, minor amputations. Patients
were followed by clinical examination and duplex scan investigation of the bypass
in regular intervals.
Results: From 01/89 to 12/01 in 79 patients (59 men and 20 women) with non healing ulcerations
or established gangrene from a total of 175 pedal bypasses 84 pedal bypass operations
in 84 limbs were performed using the in-situ technique. All patients were diabetic
and in addition 13.9 % were dependent on hemodialysis for end stage renal disease.
59.5 % of the bypasses originated from the popliteal artery (distal origin bypass).
The dorsalis pedis artery was chosen for the distal anastomosis in 83 % and the posterior
tibial artery in 17 %. Two patients (2.4 %) died postoperatively from cardiac events.
Early bypass occlusion occurred in 8.4 % resulting in a major amputation rate of 6
%. After 60 months primary, primary assisted and secondary patency was 67.7 %, 71.5
% and 75.3 % respectively with a limb salvage rate of 78 %.
Conclusion: Pedal bypass using the in-situ technique provides excellent long term limb salvage
rates in a disease with a generally unjustified bad prognosis with respect to limb
salvage.
Schlüsselwörter
Diabetisches Fußsyndrom - pedaler Bypass - in situ - Beinerhalt
Key words
Diabetic foot - pedal bypass - in-situ technique - limb salvage
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Dr. A. Neufang
Klinik und Poliklinik für Herz-, Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie · Klinikum der Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität
Mainz
Langenbeckstr. 1
55131 Mainz
Phone: 0 61 31/17 70 79
Fax: 0 61 31/17 68 10
Email: neufang@mail.uni-mainz.de