The Evolution of the Understanding of Bone Healing

Keyword

Bone healing

• References

• 1 McKibbon B. The biology of fracture healing in long bones. J Bone Joint Surg 1978; 60 B: 150-62.
• 2 Perren S. Primary bone healing. In: Bojrab MJ. (ed). Pathophysiology in Small Animal Surgery. Philadelphia: Lea and Febiger; 1981
• 3 Schenk RK. Histology of fracture repair and non-union. A-O bulletin publication; Bern: 1978
• 4 Hulth A. Current concepts of fracture healing. Clin Orthop 1989; 249: 265-84.
• 5 Rahn BA, Perren SM. Xylenol orange, a fluorochrome useful in polychrome sequential labeling in calcifying tissues. Stain Technol 1971; 46: 125.
• 6 Brooks M. The Blood Supply of Bone: An Approach to Bone Biology. London: Butterworths; 1971
• 7 Rhinelander FW. Tibial blood supply in relation to healing. Clin Orthop 1974; 105: 34-81.
• 8 Bassett CAL, Becker RO. Generation of electrical potentials by bone in response to mechanical stress. Science 1962; 137: 1063-4.
• 9 Bassett CAL, Pawluk RJ, Becker RO. Effect of electrical current on bone in vivo. Nature 1964; 204: 652-4.
• 10 Lane WA. The Operative Treatment of Fractures. London: The medical publishing company; 1914
• 11 Friedenberg ZR, French G. The effect of known compression forces on fracture healing. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1952; 94: 743.
• 12 Schenk R, Willenegger H. Zum histologischen Bild der sogenannten Primarheilung der Knochenkompakta nach experimentellen Osteotomien am Hund. Experientia (Basel) 1963; 19: 593.
• 13 Geiser M. Beiträge zur Biologie der Knochenbruchheilung. Beilagenheft der Zeitschrift für Orthopädie 1963; 97: 1.
• 14 Kuntscher G. Das Kallusproblem. Stuttgart: Enke; 1970
• 15 Müller J. Beitrag zur Primärheilung von Schaftfrakturen beim Menschen. Anatomischer Anzeiger 1967; 120: 599.
• 16 Perren SM, Huggler A, Russenberger M. et al. The reaction of cortical bone to compression. Acta Orthop Scand (suppl) 1969; 125: 19.
• 17 Olerud S, Dankwardt-Lilliestrom G. Fracture healing in compression osteosynthesis. Acta Orthop Scand (suppl) 1971; 137.
• 18 Rahn BA, Gallinaro P. et al. Primary bone healing. An experimental study in the rabbit. J Bone Joint Surg 1971; 53 A: 783.
• 19 Müller ME, Allgower M, Willenegger H. Technique of Internal Fixation. Berlin: Springer; 1965
• 20 Perren SM, Cordey J, Rahn BA. The concept of interfragmentary strain. Ottawa: Congress of internal fixation of fractures; 1981
• 21 Perren SM. et al. A method of measuring the change in compression applied to living cortical bone. Acta Orthop Scand 1969; 125: 1.
• 22 Uhthoff HK, Dubuc FL. Bone structure changes in the dog under rigid internal fixation. Clin Orthop 1971; 81: 165-79.
• 23 Bassett CAL, Herrman I. Influence of oxygen concentration and mechanical factors on differentiation of connective tissue in vitro. Nature 1961; 190: 460-1.
• 24 Fakada F, Yasuda I. On the piezoelectric effect of bone. J Physical Society of Japan 1957; 12: 1158-62.
• 25 Friedenberg ZB, Brighton CT. Bioelectrical potentials in bone. J Bone Joint Surg 1966; 48 A: 915-23.
• 26 Bassett CAL. Biophysical principles affecting bone structure. In: Bourne GH. (ed). The Biochemistry and Physiology of Bone. Development and growth. London: Academic Press; 1971
• 27 Bassett CAL, Pawluk RJ, Pilla AA. Acceleration of fracture repair by electromagnetic fields: a surgically non-invasive method. Ann NY Acad Sci 1974; 238: 242-61.
• 28 Friedenberg ZB, Harlow MC, Brighton CT. Healing of non-union of the medial malleolus by means of direct current: a case report. J Trauma 1971; 11: 883-5.
• 29 Bassett CAL, Valdes MG, Hernandez AJ. Modification of fracture repair with selected pulsing electromagnetic fields. J Bone Joint Surg 1982; 64 A: 888.
• 30 Chapman MW. Induction of fracture repair: osteoinduction, osteoconduction and adjunctive care. In: Lane JM. (ed). Fracture Healing. London: Churchill Livingstone; 1987
• 31 Anderson WV. Lengthening of the lower limb: its place in the problem of limb length discrepancy. In: Graham WD. (ed). Modern Trends in Orthopaedics. London: Butterworths; 1972
• 32 Kawamura B, Hosono S. et al. Limb lengthening by means of subcutaneous osteotomy. J Bone Joint Surg 1968; 50 A: 851.
• 33 Ilizarov GA, Soibelman LM. Some clinical and experimental data concerning bloodless lengthening of lower extremities. Experimentalnaja Kirurgija i Ortopedija 1969; 4: 27.
• 34 Monticelli G, Spinelli R. Distraction epihyseolysis as a method of limb lengthening. I. experimental study. Clin Orthop 1981; 154: 254.
• 35 Frost HM. The biology of fracture healing: An overview for clinicians, part I. Clin Orthop 1989; 248: 283-93.
• 36 Arnoczky SP, Wilson JW, Schwarz P. Fracture and fracture biology. In: Slatter DH. (ed). Textbook of Small Animal Surgery. Vol 2. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co.; 1985
• 37 Ham AW. Histology. Philadelphia: JB Lippincott Co.; 1969
• 38 Pritchard JJ. Bone healing. The scientific basis of medicine annual reviews 1963; 286-301.
• 39 Ross R, Raines EW, Bowen-Pope DF. The biology of platelet derived growth factor. Cell 1986; 46: 115.
• 40 Sporn MB, Roberts AB. et al. Some recent advances in the chemistry of transforming growth factor beta. J Cell Biol 1987; 105: 1039.
• 41 Leibovich SJ, Ross R. The role of the macrophage in wound repair: A study with hydrocortisone and antimacrophage serum. Am J Pathol 1975; 78: 71.
• 42 Marks RM, Rocke WR. et al. Mast cell granules cause proliferation of human microvascular endothelial cells. Lab Invest 1986; 55: 289.
• 43 Owen M. The origin of bone cells. International Review of Cytology 1970; 28: 212.
• 44 Young RW. Cell proliferation and specialization during endochondral osteogenesis in young rats. J Cell Biol 1962; 14: 357.
• 45 Leriche R, Policard A. The Normal and Pathological Physiology of Bone: Its problems. St Louis: CV Mosby Co.; 1928
• 46 Urist MR, McLean FC. Osteogenic potency and new bone formation by induction in transplants into the anterior chamber of the eye. J Bone Joint Surg 1952; 34 A: 443-76.
• 47 Ostrowski K, Wodarski K. Induction of heterotopic bone formation. In: Bourne GH. (ed). The Biochemistry and Physiology of Bone. London: Academic Press; 1971
• 48 Trueta J. Studies of the Development and Decay of the Human Frame. London: W Heinemann Ltd; 1968
• 49 Friedenstein AY. Induction of bone tissue by transitional epithelium. Clin Orthop 1968; 59: 21-37.
• 50 Brown SG. Secondary bone union. In: Bojrab MJ. (ed). Pathophysiology in Small Animal Surgery. Philadelphia: Lea and Febiger; 1981
• 51 Ham AW. A histological study of the early phase of bone repair. J Bone Joint Surg 1930; 12: 825-44.
• 52 Sorgente N, Dorey CK. Inhibition of endothelial cell growth by a factor isolated from cartilage. Exp Cell Res 1980; 128: 63.
• 53 Guenther HL, Fleisch H, Sorgente N. Endothelial cells in culture synthesize a potent bone cell active mitogen. Endocrin 1986; 119: 193.
• 54 Cierny G, Byrd HS, Jones RE. Primary versus delayed soft tissue coverage for severe open tibial fractures: a comparison of results. Clin Orthop 1983; 178: 54.
• 55 Moss ML. Experimental induction of osteogenesis. In: Sognnaes RF. (ed). Calcification in Biological Systems. Washington: Am Assoc Advance Science; 1960
• 56 Harakas NK. Demineralized bone-matrix-induced osteogenesis. Clin Orthop 1984; 188: 239.
• 57 Urist MR, Iwata H, Strates BS. Bone morphogenic protein and proteinase in the guinea pig. Clin Orthop 1972; 85: 275.
• 58 Reddi H, Anderson WA. Collagenous bone matrix-induced endochondral ossification and hematopoiesis. J Cell Biol 1976; 69: 557.
• 59 Juhn A, Lane JM. et al. Prostaglandin E₂-enhanced fracture callus formation. Calcif Tissue Int 1988; 42 (suppl 32 A): 127.
• 60 Elves LW, Bayley I, Roylance PJ. The effect of indomethacin upon experimental fractures in the rat. Acta Orthop Scand 1982; 53: 35.
• 61 Somjen D, Binderman I, Beyer E, Harell A. Bone remodeling induced by physical stress prostaglandin E₂-mediated. Biochem Biophys Acta 1980; 627: 91.
• 62 Frost HM. Mathematical Elements of Lamellar Bone Remodeling. Springfield Ill: Chas C Thomas; 1964
• 63 Frost HM. The regional acceleratory phenomenon: a review. Henry Ford Hosp Med J 1983; 31: 3.
• 64 Happenstall RB. Fracture healing. In: Fracture Treatment and Healing. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 1980
• 65 Goodship AE, Kenwright J. The influence of induced micro-environment upon the healing of experimental tibia fracture. J Bone Joint Surg 1986; 67 B: 650.
• 66 Kenwright J, Goodship AE. et al. Effect of controlled axial micromovement on healing of tibia fractures. Lancet 1986; 2: 1185.
• 67 Brown SA, Gillett NA, Broaddus TW. Flexible versus nonflexible fracture fixation. In: Lane JM. (ed). Fracture Healing. London: Churchill Livingstone; 1987
• 68 Skirving AP, Day R. et al. Carbone fiber reinforced plastic plates versus stainless steel dynamic compression plates in the treatment of fractures of the tibiae in dogs. Clin Orthop 1987; 224: 117.
• 69 Woo S, Akeson WH. Appropriate design criteria for less rigid plates. In: Lane JM. (ed). Fracture Healing. London: Churchill Livingstone; 1987
• 70 Latta LL, Eng P. et al. The rationale of functional bracing of fractures. Clin Orthop 1980; 146: 28.
• 71 Connolly JF, Dehne E, Lafolette B. Closed reduction and early cast-brace ambulation in the treatment of femoral fractures. J Bone Joint Surg 1973; 55 A: 1581.
• 72 Hardy AE. The treatment of femoral fractures by cast-brace application and early ambulation. A prospective review of one hundred and six patients. J Bone Joint Surg 1983; 64 A: 56.