Nerve Surgery

Susan E. Mackinnon; Andrew Yee; John R. Barbour; Gregory H. Borschel; Kirsty U. Boyd; Martin I. Boyer; Justin M. Brown; Steven H. Colbert; Kristen M. Davidge; Ivica Ducic; Linda Dvali; Mark A. Ferrante; Ida K. Fox; Charles A. Goldfarb; Tessa A. Hadlock; Philip J. Johnson; Susan E. Mackinnon; Amy M. Moore; Terence M. Myckatyn; Christine B. Novak; J. Megan Patterson; Brendan M. Patterson; Wilson Z. Ray; Douglas M. Sammer; Alison Snyder-Warwick; Thomas H.H. Tung; Renata V. Weber; Asa J. Wilbourn; Matthew D. Wood; Andrew Yee

doi:10.1055/b-003-106416

Mackinnon, Susan E.; Yee, Andrew: 2015

Nerve Surgery

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Buch

Herausgeber: Mackinnon, Susan E.; Yee, Andrew

Autoren: Barbour, John R.; Borschel, Gregory H.; Boyd, Kirsty U.; Boyer, Martin I.; Brown, Justin M.; Colbert, Steven H.; Davidge, Kristen M.; Ducic, Ivica; Dvali, Linda; Ferrante, Mark A.; Fox, Ida K.; Goldfarb, Charles A.; Hadlock, Tessa A.; Johnson, Philip J.; Mackinnon, Susan E.; Moore, Amy M.; Myckatyn, Terence M.; Novak, Christine B.; Patterson, J. Megan; Patterson, Brendan M.; Ray, Wilson Z.; Sammer, Douglas M.; Snyder-Warwick, Alison; Tung, Thomas H.H.; Weber, Renata V.; Wilbourn, Asa J.; Wood, Matthew D.; Yee, Andrew

Titel: Nerve Surgery
Alternativer Titel:

Print ISBN 9781588905130; Online ISBN 9781604062823; Buch-DOI 10.1055/b-003-106416

Fachgebiete: Neurochirurgie;Chirurgie

Thieme Clinical Collections (English Language)

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Einführung

1 Anatomy and Physiology for the Peripheral Nerve Surgeon

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Nerve Fiber Anatomy

1.3 The Basics of Nerve Injury

1.4 Injection Nerve Injury

1.5 Mechanisms of Neurodegeneration

1.6 Transcriptional Control of Nerve Regeneration

1.7 Schwann Cell-Based Signaling in Peripheral Nerve Injury

1.8 Extracellular Matrix Molecules in Nerve Regeneration

1.9 Neurotrophins and Neurotrophic Factors in Nerve Regeneration

1.10 Preferential Motor Reinnervation

1.11 Axonal Transport

1.12 Nerve Blood Supply

1.13 Accelerated Nerve Regeneration and FK-506 (Tacrolimus)

1.14 Electrical Stimulation and Nerve Regeneration

1.15 End-to-Side and Reverse End-to-Side Nerve Transfer

1.16 Neuromuscular Anatomy and Physiology

1.17 References

2 Evaluation of the Patient with Nerve Injury or Nerve Compression

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Sensory and Motor Nerve Assessment

3 The Electrodiagnostic Examination with Peripheral Nerve Injuries

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Pertinent Anatomy

3.3 Pertinent Pathology and Pathophysiology

3.4 The Electrodiagnostic Examination

3.5 Important Limitations of the Electrodiagnostic Examination

3.6 The Electrodiagnostic Manifestations of Peripheral Nerve Injuries

3.7 Electrodiagnostic–Clinical Correlations

3.8 The Differences between Lesions of Varying Onset and Severity

3.9 Prognosis

3.10 Clinical Comments

3.11 Conclusion

3.12 References

4 Nerve Repair and Grafting

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Nerve Injuries

4.3 Evaluation of Nerve Injury

4.4 Nerve Repair

4.5 Nerve Conduits

4.6 Nerve Grafting

4.7 Specific Examples of Upper Extremity Nerve Repair and Grafting

4.8 Postoperative Rehabilitation

4.9 Conclusion

4.10 References

5 Nerve Transfer for the Forearm and Hand

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Nerve Transfers of the Forearm

5.3 Motor and Sensory Transfers for Isolated Nerve Injuries in the Forearm

5.4 Postoperative Care

5.5 Conclusion

5.6 References

6 Nerve Transfer Procedures for Tetraplegia

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Historical Perspective

6.3 Pathophysiology

6.4 Surgical Anatomy

6.5 Evaluation and Management of Patients

6.6 Surgical Techniques

6.7 Conclusion

6.8 References

7 Nerve Autograft Substitutes: Conduits and Processed Allografts

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Nerve Conduits: Ideal Characteristics and Physiology

7.3 Nerve Conduits: Experimental and Clinical Evidence

7.4 Direct Comparisons of Conduits

7.5 Acellularized Nerve Allografts

7.6 Expanding the Indications of Nerve Substitute Use

7.7 Future Directions

7.8 Conclusion: Recommendations for Conduit and ANA Use

7.9 References

8 Peripheral Nerve Allotransplantation

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Regeneration of Peripheral Nerves

8.3 Schwann Cell Migration in Peripheral Nerve Allografts

8.4 Immunosuppression/Graft Pretreatment

8.5 Experience with Allotransplantation

8.6 Future Directions: Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation

8.7 Conclusion

8.8 References

9 Median Nerve Entrapment and Injury

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Anatomy of the Median Nerve

9.3 Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

9.4 Pronator Syndrome

9.5 Anterior Interosseous Nerve Palsy

9.6 Conclusion

9.7 Acknowledgment

9.8 References

10 Ulnar Nerve Entrapment and Injury

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Ulnar Nerve Anatomy

10.3 Etiology and Pathophysiology of Ulnar Nerve Compression

10.4 Evaluation of a Patient with Ulnar Nerve Compression

10.5 Management of Cubital Tunnel Syndrome

10.6 Management of Compression at the Guyon Canal

10.7 Ulnar Nerve Compression at Multiple Sites

10.8 Failed Decompression

10.9 Nerve Transfers to Supercharge Recovery

10.10 Conclusion

10.11 References

11 Radial Nerve Entrapment and Injury

11.1 Introduction

11.2 Historical Perspective

11.3 Etiology of Radial Neuropathy

11.4 Surgical Anatomy

11.5 Diagnosis and Physical Examination

11.6 Radial Tunnel Syndrome

11.7 Lateral Epicondylitis (Tennis Elbow)

11.8 Management of Radial Nerve Palsy

11.9 Surgical Options

11.10 Surgical Techniques for Decompression

11.11 Surgical Techniques for Radial Nerve Repair

11.12 Postoperative Care for Radial Nerve Decompression

11.13 Results

11.14 Conclusion

11.15 References

12 Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

12.1 Introduction

12.2 History

12.3 Anatomy and Pathophysiology

12.4 Diagnosis

12.5 Management

12.6 Conclusion

12.7 References

13 Injury and Compression Neuropathy in the Lower Extremity

13.1 Introduction

13.2 Historical Review

13.3 Surgical Anatomy of the Lumbosacral Plexus

13.4 Etiology of Lumbosacral Plexopathy

13.5 Nonsurgical Etiologies

13.6 Vascular Etiologies

13.7 Neoplastic Processes

13.8 Lumbosacral Trauma

13.9 The “Border Nerves”: Iliohypogastric, Ilioinguinal, and Genitofemoral

13.10 Meralgia Paresthetica

13.11 Femoral Nerve

13.12 Saphenous Nerve

13.13 Obturator Nerve

13.14 Common Peroneal Nerve

13.15 Superficial Peroneal Entrapment

13.16 Deep Peroneal Nerve

13.17 Sural Nerve

13.18 Tibial Nerve

13.19 Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome

13.20 Morton Neuroma

13.21 Conclusion

13.22 References

14 Brachial Plexus Injuries

14.1 Introduction

14.2 Historical Review

14.3 Surgical Anatomy

14.4 Epidemiology and Classification

14.5 Conclusion

14.6 References

15 Obstetrical Brachial Plexus Palsy

15.1 Introduction

15.2 Etiology

15.3 Nomenclature

15.4 Evaluation

15.5 Preoperative Planning

15.6 Operative Management: Brachial Plexus Exploration, Nerve Grafting, and Nerve Transfers

15.7 Postoperative Management

15.8 Outcomes

15.9 Conclusion

15.10 References

16 Facial Nerve Injury

16.1 Introduction

16.2 Etiology

16.3 Anatomical Considerations

16.4 Evaluation

16.5 Management

16.6 Rehabilitation

16.7 Conclusion

16.8 References

17 Tendon Transfers for Functional Reconstruction

17.1 Introduction

17.2 History

17.3 Principles of Tendon Transfer

17.4 Conclusion

17.5 References

18 Tumors of the Peripheral Nervous System

18.1 Introduction

18.2 Neoplasms of Nerve Sheath Origin

18.3 Neoplasms of Nonneural Origin

18.4 Conclusion

18.5 References

19 Surgical Management of Chronic Headaches, Migraines, and Neuralgias

19.1 Introduction

19.2 Anatomy

19.3 Pathophysiology

19.4 Diagnostic Evaluation and Workup

19.5 Surgical Technique

19.6 Discussion

19.7 Conclusion

19.8 References

20 Painful Sequelae of Peripheral Nerve Injuries

20.1 Introduction

20.2 Normal Pain Response

20.3 Abnormal Pain Response

20.4 Controversy

20.5 Conclusion

20.6 References

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