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Semin Liver Dis 2024; 44(01): 043-053
DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1782210
Review Article

Gestational and Developmental Contributors of Pediatric MASLD

Marialena Mouzaki
1   Divisions of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
2   Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
,
Jessica G. Woo
2   Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
3   Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
,
Senad Divanovic
2   Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
4   Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
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Abstract

Pediatric metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is common and can be seen as early as in utero. A growing body of literature suggests that gestational and early life exposures modify the risk of MASLD development in children. These include maternal risk factors, such as poor cardiometabolic health (e.g., obesity, gestational diabetes, rapid weight gain during pregnancy, and MASLD), as well as periconceptional dietary exposures, degree of physical activity, intestinal microbiome, and smoking. Paternal factors, such as diet and obesity, also appear to play a role. Beyond gestation, early life dietary exposures, as well as the rate of infant weight gain, may further modify the risk of future MASLD development. The mechanisms linking parental health and environmental exposures to pediatric MASLD are complex and not entirely understood. In conclusion, investigating gestational and developmental contributors to MASLD is critical and may identify future interventional targets for disease prevention.

Keywords

NAFLD - fatty liver - pregnancy - children - diet


Publication History

Article published online:
29 February 2024

© 2024. Thieme. All rights reserved.

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