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Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2024; 45(02): 187-199
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1778641
Review Article

Antibiotic Strategies for Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia

Matteo Bassetti
1   Infectious Diseases Unit, Policlinico San Martino Hospital, IRCCS, Genoa, Italy
2   Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
,
Daniele R. Giacobbe
1   Infectious Diseases Unit, Policlinico San Martino Hospital, IRCCS, Genoa, Italy
2   Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
,
Laura Magnasco
1   Infectious Diseases Unit, Policlinico San Martino Hospital, IRCCS, Genoa, Italy
2   Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
,
Alberto Fantin
3   Department of Pulmonology, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Udine, Udine, Italy
,
Antonio Vena
1   Infectious Diseases Unit, Policlinico San Martino Hospital, IRCCS, Genoa, Italy
2   Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
,
Nadia Castaldo
3   Department of Pulmonology, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Udine, Udine, Italy
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Abstract

Despite advancements in health systems and intensive care unit (ICU) care, along with the introduction of novel antibiotics and microbiologic techniques, mortality rates in severe community-acquired pneumonia (sCAP) patients have not shown significant improvement. Delayed admission to the ICU is a major risk factor for higher mortality. Apart from choosing the appropriate site of care, prompt and appropriate antibiotic therapy significantly affects the prognosis of sCAP. Treatment regimens involving ceftaroline or ceftobiprole are currently considered the best options for managing patients with sCAP. Additionally, several other molecules, such as delafloxacin, lefamulin, and omadacycline, hold promise as therapeutic strategies for sCAP. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the key challenges in managing adults with severe CAP, focusing on essential aspects related to antibiotic treatment and investigating potential strategies to enhance clinical outcomes in sCAP patients.

Keywords

ceftobiprole - ceftaroline - sCAP - community-acquired pneumonia - ICU - new antibiotics


Publication History

Article published online:
01 February 2024

© 2024. Thieme. All rights reserved.

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